See duna in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dûne",
"g": "f,n"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dûne f or n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dûne f or n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "duin",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: duin f\nAfrikaans: duin",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: duin f\nAfrikaans: duin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "dūne",
"3": "*dūn",
"bor": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Frisian: dūne f, *dūn n",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "also possibly borrowed from Low German"
},
"expansion": "(also possibly borrowed from Low German)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Frisian: dūne f, *dūn n (also possibly borrowed from Low German)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Dúune",
"3": "Duune",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Dúune, Duune f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Dúune, Duune f"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "dún",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: dún n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: dún n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: dune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: dune"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "dune"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: dune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: dune"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "dune"
},
"expansion": "French: dune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: dune"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dūnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dūnā",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *dūnā. It is only attested in toponyms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dūna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "odt-decl-noun-o",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō/ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnono",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "reconstructed noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "*dūna",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*dūna f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "*dūna"
},
"expansion": "*dūna f",
"name": "odt-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dūn"
},
"name": "odt-decl-noun-o"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Old Dutch/duna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dune"
],
"id": "en-duna-odt-noun-q5Br4Sym",
"links": [
[
"dune",
"dune"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "duna"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dûne",
"g": "f,n"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dûne f or n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dûne f or n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "duin",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: duin f\nAfrikaans: duin",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: duin f\nAfrikaans: duin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "dūne",
"3": "*dūn",
"bor": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Frisian: dūne f, *dūn n",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "also possibly borrowed from Low German"
},
"expansion": "(also possibly borrowed from Low German)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Frisian: dūne f, *dūn n (also possibly borrowed from Low German)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Dúune",
"3": "Duune",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Dúune, Duune f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Dúune, Duune f"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "dún",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: dún n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: dún n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: dune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: dune"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "dune"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: dune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: dune"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "dune"
},
"expansion": "French: dune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: dune"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dūnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dūnā",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *dūnā. It is only attested in toponyms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dūna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "odt-decl-noun-o",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō/ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnono",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "reconstructed noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "*dūna",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*dūna f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "*dūna"
},
"expansion": "*dūna f",
"name": "odt-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dūn"
},
"name": "odt-decl-noun-o"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Old Dutch/duna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Dutch feminine nouns",
"Old Dutch lemmas",
"Old Dutch reconstructed nouns",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch ō/ōn-stem nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"dune"
],
"links": [
[
"dune",
"dune"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "duna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for duna meaning in Old Dutch (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (ada610d and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.